Prevalence of Nosocomial Infections within the Regional Hospital of Garoua
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) - Year 2016, Vol 11, Issue 6
Abstract
Background: The health care-associated infections or nosocomial infections (NI) represent a universal public health problem. They are favored by the absence of regulations concerning their epidemiological monitoring, resulting in the increase of morbidity and mortality in hospitals. Thus, the main objective of our research was to determine the prevalence of NI within the Garoua Regional Hospital (GRH) following the European Center of Diseases Control (ECDC) criteria. Methods: Indeed, it was a cross-sectional study undertaken during the period extending from 22nd March to 22nd July 2014 using survey instruments and laboratory analyses. Results: A total of 86 patients hospitalised for at least 48 hours were involved in the study. The prevalence of NI was 12.8 %. The « A » and « B » surgical wards both recorded the highest prevalence (33.3%) as compared to other wards. In the same view, skin and soft tissue infections following surgery had a prevalence of 26.7% in the« A » surgical ward. We also found a statistically significant relationship between admission after surgery and the surgical infection siteodds ratio 4.9 confidence interval (1.06-31.2), (p<0.002) as compared to other sites represented by the urinary infection site and bedsore infection site. Also, relative frequency of the « skin and soft » tissue infections following surgery was 54.55%; that of urinary infection site and bedsore infections site was respectively 27.27% and 18.18%. Moreover, the average duration of stay between admission and infection was not significantly higher (14.72±3.13 days), compared with that of non-infected patients (11.72±4.89 days); the time of stay above 9 days is a statistically significant risk factor associated with surgical site infectionodds ratio 21.67 confidence interval (2.3-199), (p <0.002). Bacterial culture and sensitivity carried out on agar media, as well as biochemical tests revealed that the main bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (27.3%) and Escherichia coli (18.2 %). 10% of the isolated Escherichia coli were multiresitant to the third generation Cephalosporin and were producing broad spectrum beta-lactamase. Those isolated E coli were also Carbapenem-sensitive. 83.72% of subjects included patients under antibiotic treatment, mainly the third generation Cephalosporin (18.6%). Conclusion: The study of antibiotic resistance showed the existence of multiresistance that needs to be taken into consideration in the global prevention and fight strategy against NI in order to master the infectious risk and improve the vital prognosis of patients.
Authors and Affiliations
GakeBouba, MD, Biologist, Himno Pahimi, Msc; GAKE Nelly-Michèle2 ,
Keywords
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- EP ID EP387135
- DOI 10.9790/3008-1106061320
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