Preventing Childhood, Infant and Neonatal Morbidities and Mortalities, What Interventions We Need
Journal Title: Progressing Aspects in Pediatrics and Neonatology - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
The continuing of high rates of child mortality each and every year at national , regional and global levels from preventable causes: diarrhea, pneumonia, measles, malaria, HIV/AIDS, the underlying cause of under nutrition, is keep stigmating the global health efforts . Specifically, the one related child survival in lowincome settings and the interventions feasible for delivery at high coverage and high quality of required health care. It has been evidenced based that, greatest risk of childhood death occurs during the neonatal period, that extends from birth through the first month of life. As almost 60 percent of all deaths to children under age 5 and nearly two-thirds of infant deaths (birth to 12 months) occur during the neonatal period. Current available statistics revealed that about 98 percent of neonatal deaths take place in the developing countries. South Asia, stay as the highest annual neonatal mortality rates, where about 51 deaths occur for every 1,000 live births every year. About 2 million children were estimated die within a month of their birth. And 42 deaths occur in Africa, while in Latin America 25 in Latin America, and fewer than (10) in Europe and North America. As concerning neonatal morbidity in developing countries, the burden is unknown; yet, some recent studies of neonatal morbidity revealed high-risk (with a case fatality greater than 10 percent), about three-quarters experienced low-risk morbidities. Current data base shows that, most neonatal deaths occur at home, following unsupervised deliveries; and limited epidemiological research indicates that the principal direct causes of neonatal death are infectious diseases, birth asphyxia, birth injuries, and the consequences of preterm birth and birth defects. At very early neonatal period (0-7 days), the major causes of death are asphyxia, infection, complications of prematurity, and birth defects; while infections cause majority of late neonatal deaths (8-28 days). In infants under 3 months of age in developing countries, infections are the major cause of mortality and morbidity. Almost more than 20 percent of children born in developing countries acquire an infection during the neonatal period, leading to an estimated 30 to 40 percent of total neonatal deaths.
Authors and Affiliations
Hamid Yahya Hussain
Keywords
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- EP ID EP575535
- DOI 10.32474/PAPN.2018.01.000103
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