Rüza: Sustainable Development Practice in Kikruma Village, Nagaland, India
Journal Title: International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 1
Abstract
In 1987, the Bruntland Commission published its report, Our Common Future, in an effort to link the issues of economic development and environmental stability. This report provided the origin of the term „sustainable development‟ to indicate “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” This concept of sustainable development, thus, aims to maintain economic advancement and progress while protecting the long-term value of the integration of environment policies and development strategies.In the light of the above mentioned definition, Rüza, an indigenous irrigation and farming practice in Nagaland can be studied. It is a combination of irrigation, agriculture, forest and animal husbandry as well as with well-founded conservation base, soil erosion control, water resources development, and management and preservation of natural vegetation. The place of origin of Rüza system is at Kikruma village located at an altitude of 1,270 m. from sea level in Phek District of Nagaland inhabited by the Chakhesang Naga tribe. Rüza means impounding water or run-off water pond or tank for irrigation. The system is unique and comprises of confined forest land on hilltop, well designed water harvesting tank at the middle and cattle yard by the side and rice fields or paddy fields below the harvesting tank/pond.Over the years, the Kikruma community of Chakhesang has richly evolved such a detailed water harvesting plan whose various components interface to produce an efficient land-water management system. Protected forest lands on hilltops act as catchment area; ponds are dug in the middle where water is harvested through inlet channels from the catchment area; and terraced fields were constructed below the water harvesting tanks/ponds. This system of conservation and making judicious use of the scarce available water gives a quality and effecting farming system which prevents soil erosion and also bring about constant sustainable livelihood by raring fishes for consumption and also cattle for consumption or commercial and have ploughing utility, along with the cultivation of rice in the wet terrace field which is the exclusive objective of Rüza. This paper is a humble approach to study how the Chakhesang tribe of Kikruma village does invented such a unique multi-purposed sustainable development system. This paper will not only analyse this system of Rüza of Kikruma village, but will also examine its affects on the sustainable development of Kikruma village and other hilly villages of Nagaland especially of Phek District.
Authors and Affiliations
Mangoljao Maibam M. Phil. , Ph. D. Neiko Ritse
Keywords
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