Salivary CYFRA 21-1 in patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma and premalignant lesions
Journal Title: MedPulse -International Medical Journal - Year 2015, Vol 2, Issue 4
Abstract
Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for about 90% of malignant oral lesions, and is widely recognized as the most frequently occurring malignant tumour of oral cavity with an incidence rate of 14.9-25.6 per 100,000. However in India and other Asian countries, there is a particularly high prevalence even amongst younger people which is being attributed to the influence of region specific epidemiological factors, especially heavy use of tobacco and betel quid chewing. In spite of diagnostic and therapeutic advances over the decades, OSCC still remains a challenge for medical professionals with the five year survival rate being 30%-50%. Aims and Objective: Human saliva is an attractive diagnostic fluid because saliva collection is noninvasive as compared to the collection of blood for serum/ plasma analyses. Our aim was to estimate the levels of salivary CYFRA 21-1(Human Cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1) in oral premalignant lesion patients as a biomarker for early detection of OSCC. Materials and Method: Saliva was collected from a total of 62 patients of both OSCC and premalignant oral lesions along with their respective biopsies. Salivary levels of CYFRA 21-1 was estimated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and their readings were correlated with the histological diagnoses of their respective biopsies and comparison was done with the salivary CYFRA 21-1 levels of healthy controls. Result: CYFRA 21-1 can be a novel biomarker for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Histologically and clinically results were found to be correlated. Comparison of salivary CYFRA 21-1 among the groups showed an increasing trend ranging from lowest value in the control group to higher in the premalignant group and the highest value in OSCC patients, the difference was significant amongst all three groups. ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve analysis of CYFRA 21-1 levels in all three groups showed a highly sensitive test with good test results.
Authors and Affiliations
Pretty Singh, Riddhi Jaiswal, S M Natu, M M Goel, Wahid Ali, Veerendra Verma
Keywords
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