Seed Germination of Coniferous Introduced Species in the Environment of Central Kazakhstan with Various Stratification and Inclusion of Needle Litter into Substrate
Journal Title: Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal) - Year 2023, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
This study observes the issues of the possible usage of wastes from timber industry in the sprouting of seeds of coniferous plants in the arid climate of Central Kazakhstan. Such treatment of coniferous seeds is easily implementable and cost-effective, compared to the other methods. However, the complex chemical composition of needle litter in the soil substrate has the multifactorial and controversial effects on such indicators as germination energy, seed germination capacity and rest energy. In addition, the article discusses the use of long-term natural seed stratification as an alternative method of planting seeds in forest nurseries. The other studies have shown that natural stratification has a more significant effect on the indicators of seed rest energy and germination energy. However, it should be said that these parameters mostly correlate with the generic assignment of the objects. Thus, representatives of the genera Picea and Abies have more significant rates of germination during spring stratification. Whereas, representatives of the genera Pinus and Pseudotsuga – with natural stratification. This may be the result of their ecological and biological adaptation. The conditions of Central Kazakhstan are characterized by a sharply continental climate, which includes not only a sharp climate change, but also a rather low snow cover and low temperatures. Under these conditions, the seeds of the genera Pinus and Pseudotsuga may have higher adaptive abilities, which may become a further subject of research. At the same time, it was determined that despite the rather convincing data obtained during autumn stratification, the highest results of seed germination in most experimental species were noted during spring stratification, including variation with the use of needle litter. Again, it is not entirely advisable to introduce the use of this method based only on the indicators of seed germination in arid conditions of Central Kazakhstan, since the favorable period for seed germination in this area is unstable from year to year. Thus, based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the most suitable method for germinating seeds of conifers, with some exceptions, is natural stratification. The use of needle litter affects insignificantly the rates of seed germination, and in some cases even suppresses this process. For citation: Sirman D.Yu. Seed Germination of Coniferous Introduced Species in the Environment of Central Kazakhstan with Various Stratification and Inclusion of Needle Litter into Substrate. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 1, pp. 100–115. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-1-100-115
Authors and Affiliations
Denis Yu. Sirman Аcademician Y. A. Buketov Karaganda State University https://orcid. org/0000-0002-0702-9215
Layer-by-Layer Dynamic Shear Modulus in the Cross-Section of a Particle Board
The research results are aimed at the formation of ideas concerning the features of molecular motion of the components of the outer and inner layers of the particle board material in the temperature range from room tempe...
Stand Structure of Northern Taiga Pine Forests
In Northern taiga conditions pine forests occupy about 1.8 mln ha of the territory of the Komi Republic and are mainly represented by sphagnum, green-moss and lichen forest types. The studies were carried out at the Zele...
SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF REDUCING THE INFLUENCE OF LATERAL FORCE ON THE SAW BLADE STABILITY
The accuracy of the thickness of lumber is one of the most important indicators of sawing. It is inextricably linked with saw stabilization in the plane of the greatest stiffness. The aim of the study is to eliminate the...
Design Improvement of the Mechanism of Delimbing by Multi-Operational Forest Machines
The principles of increasing the use of modern multifunctional forest machines (harvesters and processors) for felling and delimbing in Russia and abroad are currently becoming more widespread and deserve increased atten...
Climate Change and Its Impact on Adaptation and Intraspecific Variability of Conifer Species of the European North of Russia
Current climate change is affecting forests and requires a specific forest management strategy. The review aims to analyze the impact of observed and projected climate change on the tree species adaptation response with...