СЕЗОННА ДИНАМІКА ЧИСЕЛЬНОСТІ PELOBATES FUSCUS НА АРЕНІ Р. ДНІПРО (В МЕЖАХ ПРИРОДНОГО ЗАПОВІДНИКУ «ДНІПРОВСЬКО-ОРІЛЬСЬКИЙ»)
Journal Title: Питання біоіндикації та екології - Year 2015, Vol 20, Issue 2
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the Pelobates fuscus seasonal population dynamics at the Dnieper river arena (within the Dniprovsko-Orilsky Nature Reserve). The study was conducted from April to November, 2015. The Barber pitfall traps in threes were placed at 24 experimental points in different habitats: psammophilous steppe and Tatarian maple bushes, pine artificial plantations, deciduous plantings, a meadow and artificial naturalized oak plantations in the Protoch River floodplain, and the swamp between dunes. Test points were laid in three replications in each ecosystem except psammophilous steppe and Tatarian maple bushes, where there were six variants. During the study 309 specimens of Pelobates fuscus were revealed. Pelobates fuscus were met in all studied locations throughout the season with varying frequency. Most often they are found in marshy ecosystems (35 specimens), slightly less in the oaks (29) and Tatarian maple bushes (24). To a lesser degree the spadefoots prefer habitats in the psammophilous steppe (19 individuals) and meadow (14). In pine plantations amphibians occur sporadically. We registered the interesting fact that amphibians were found in dry habitats – top of dunes in the psammophilous steppe. The number of amphibians since the beginning of the warm season in late April to early July in habitats not far from the water bodies is gradually growing, but that growth is not uniform among the studied sample points. This is a period of coming amphibians out of hibernation, as evidenced by the increase in ambient temperature. The population peak was found at the end of July (145 spec.) that caused by the massive spreading out emergence of post-metamorphs onto land. The next peak was in the second output of Pelobates fuscus from reservoirs in late August (27). Two population peaks caused by different temperatures in the pools, which are unevenly heated during the season, so that individual amphibians develop at different speeds. Variation of the spadefoot population size is usually determined by biotopical features. The species number differs significantly between habitats (F = 2,83, p = 0,04). The highest number level is characteristic for oaks and marsh habitats. For the period of research the spadefoot abundance averaged 1,38 and 1,18 specimens/trap/day respectively. But it should be noted that the variability in the amphibian number at wetland habitats significantly lower than in the woods. Thus, the number coefficient of variation for the wetland habitats is 11,19 % but for the woods – 22,67 %. The highest variability level was determined for the population from the meadow. It is characterized by a coefficient of variation of 31,78 %. The lowest level of variability in population size is characteristic in the upper parts of the dunes at psammophilous steppe, where the coefficient of variation is 10,08 %. В роботе исследована сезонная динамика численности Pelobates fuscus на арене р. Днепра в период с апреля по октябрь 2015 г. в природном заповеднике «Днепровско-Орельский». В результате полученных данных установлено, что особи чесночницы обыкновенной встречаются во всех исследуемых точках с разной частотой. Чаще всего они встречаются в болотных биогеоценозах (35 экз.), несколько меньше их в дубравах (29 экз.) и чорнокленовниках (24 экз.). Меньшее предпочтение чесночницы оказывают биотопам в промижуточних низовьях в псафильном степу (19 экз.) и на лугу (14 экз). В сосновых насаждениях амфибии встречаются спорадически. Варьирования численности популяции чесночницы обыкновенной определяются биотопическими особенностями. Численность этого вида статистически достоверно отличается между различными биотопами (F = 2,83, p = 0,04). В среднем за период исследований численность чесночницы обыкновенной составила 1,38 и 1,18 екз.-ловушка/сутки соответственно.
Authors and Affiliations
Н. Г. Гудим Gudym N. G.
Keywords
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