Sociocultural factors influencing low birth weight in an urban hospital in India : a prospective case-control study
Journal Title: Journal of the Indian Medical Association - Year 2018, Vol 116, Issue 5
Abstract
Low birth weight (LBW) is an important cause of morbidity & mortality in the developing countries like India. 225 cases of newborns with low birth weight (LBW) were compared with 225 newborn controls with normal birth weight (NBW) matched by sex. Mean age was significantly higher for normal birth weight (NBW) babies compared to LBW babies (23.0 versus 22.1; p 0.027). Table 1 Analysis of socio-cultural maternal risk factors for low birth weight LBW was found to be higher at height <150cms (65% versus 43%; OR 2.5; CI=1.5-4.2), spacing <3 years (p = 0.002; OR 1.5; CI=1.1-2.0), hemoglobin <10.9g/dl (82% versus 59%; OR 1.9; CI=1.4-2.5), heavy workload during pregnancy (37% versus 18%; p<0.001), lower number of antenatal visits (mean 2.9 versus 4.2; p<0.001; OR 3.0; CI=2.1-3.6) and poorer personal hygiene (p=0.002; OR 2.0 CI=1.1-3.4). Drug exposure in the 1st trimester and literacy below primary education were also significantly associated with LBW (p <0.05). However, the influence of parity>2, low socio-economic status and social prejudices was not significant. Public health programs need to be enhanced to incorporate adequate nutrition, antenatal care and female literacy. The role of family and the health services are particularly important in reducing the risk of low birth weight by gradually diminishing the risk factors for this preventable burden
Authors and Affiliations
Kumkum Pahari, Rabindra Nath Mukherjee, Madhusha Mukhopadhyay
Keywords
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