Solidarity; Syncretism of Peace and Friendship
Journal Title: The Journal of Human Rights - Year 2010, Vol 4, Issue 2
Abstract
Considered as a fundamental virtue in the classical political thought, “friendship” even outshined the other important virtues like “justice”. However, the emergence of modernity and the consequent epistemological rupture caused to the prevalence of other concepts as “security” and “peace” over “friendship”. Thus, humans, as the wolves of each other, forgot about classical virtues including “friendship”. However, the contemporary criticism of modern thought shows the necessity of revival and reinterpretation of classical political concepts. Meanwhile, returning to the importance of “friendship” in the classical thought, Jürgen Habermas syncretizes “friendship” and “peace”, believing that with making “solidarity” central, those two concepts can be realized simultaneously in the society. Thus, “solidarity” is the source of legitimate norm establishing in the modern society. yle='font-size: 11.0pt;letter-spacing:-.2pt'>Plato’s opposition to democracy –indeed only to a certain kind of it– shows that there is no necessary correlation between justice and peace on the one hand and democracy on the other hand. In this paper, having sated Plato’s view on justice, peace and democracy we will show what he regards as pre-conditions to reach justice and peace. چکیده «دوستی» از جمله فضیلت‌های بنیادین در اندیشه سیاسی کلاسیک بوده است که حتی فضیلت‌های مهمی چون عدالت را نیز تحت‌الشعاع قرار می‌داد. با ظهور اندیشه مدرن و بروز گسست معرفت‌شناختی، دوستی به محاق رفت و مقولاتی چون امنیت و صلح محوریت یافتند. بر این اساس، انسان‌ها به مثابه «گرگ» یکدیگر، فضیلت‌های کلاسیک را به فراموشی سپردند. اما نقدهای معاصر بر اندیشه مدرن، ضرورت احیا و بازخوانی انتقادی مقولات سیاسی کلاسیک را نشان می‌دهد. در این میان، یورگن هابرماس، با بازگشت به اهمیت مقوله «دوستی» در اندیشه کلاسیک، آن‌را با مقوله مدرنِ «صلح» پیوند می‌دهد و با محوریت بخشیدن به مقوله «همبستگی» در پی تحقق همزمان آنها در جامعه است. بر این اساس، «همبستگی» منبع هنجارگذاری مشروع در اجتماع است.
Authors and Affiliations
Seyed Mohsen Alavipour, Morteza Bahrani
Keywords
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