Spatial assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Sediments of Kodaikanal Lake, Tamil Nadu, India
Journal Title: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET) - Year 2015, Vol 3, Issue 4
Abstract
Lake sediments, as basic components of our environment; provide food stuff for living organisms. They also serve as a sink and reservoir for a variety of environmental contaminants. Namely when released into aquatic environment, many anthropogenic chemicals bind (or) adsorb on to particulate matter. Study on the geochemistry of lake sediments in the present area has not been undertaken by previous worker so far. In this article potential environmental risks associated with in the Kodaikanal Lake by quantifying the pollution in sediments. Concentrations of heavy metals in the lake sediments reached with the average values of 105228 mg/kg for Fe, 1402 mg/kg for Co, 451 mg/kg for Cr, 348 mg/kg for 115 mg/kg for Ni, 112 mg/kg for Zn, 67 mg/kg for Cd, 54 mg/kg for Cu and 44 mg/kg for Pb. The enrichment factor (Ef), geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and Contamination factor (Cf) for these metals were indicative of no to extremely sever enrichment, heavily to extremely high contaminationand low contamination to Considerable contamination, respectively. Contamination degree and pollution load index of the samples indicates that they were very high contamination degree with polluted nature. Anthropogenic activities inthe proximity of the Kodaikanal town exhibited high Igeo and EF values. Results of integrated indices of Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb in lake sediments indicated that the sediment qualities are contaminated as a whole and warranted an instantaneous remediation action for the Kodaikanal Lake.
Authors and Affiliations
P Balamurugan, S Vasudevan, R. K Singhal, T Ramkumar, R. Selvaganapathi, C. V. Nishikanth
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP20237
- DOI -
- Views 291
- Downloads 4
Optimal Tuning of PID Controller by Firefly Algorithm in AVR System
n this Paper, a novel meta-heuristics algorithm, namely the Firefly Algorithm (FA) is applied to the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Controller parameter tuning for Automatic Voltage Regulator System (AVR). The m...
Performance of Fiber Reinforced Concrete from Recycled Pet Plastic Waste- A Study Review
Concrete is a composite material consisting of various ingredients such as cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and has done wonders in the construction industry. The recent use of the concrete has constrained many...
Estimation of Application Maintenance cost using COCOMO81
Constructive Cost Model is one of the CE models which contribute three different models namely basic, intermediate and detailed model. Maintenance of software is very much important so as to increase the functionality o...
Lateral Torsional Buckling of Corrugated I-Beam with Sinusoidal Openings
In this thesis, the study of lateral torsional buckling of castellated I beam with trapezoidally corrugated web will be investigated. By utilizing the non linear analysis and FE models to characterize the load- deflecti...
Parametric Study on Behaviour of Box Girder Bridges with Different Shape Based On Torsion
The present study focus on the behaviour of box Girder Bridge with different shape by keeping the span length constant. The bridge is modelled and analysed in SAP Bridge 2000 version 14. The cross section of the superst...