THE EFFECT OF SOME PATHOGENIC BACTERIAL PROTEASES ON AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUSES H5N1 AND H9N2
Journal Title: European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 6
Abstract
Microbial proteases are responsible for proteolytic cleavage activation of Influenza A Virus (H5N1 and H9N2) hemagglutinin (HA). We examined the proteolytic activities of some pathogenic bacterial isolates such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The contribution of endogenous and microbial proteases (exogenous proteases) in the avian influenza pathogenicity were studied by inoculation of three groups of embryonated chicken eggs (SPF). The first group was inoculated simultaneously with either viruses; H5 and H9, with different concentrations of bacterial proteases. The second group was inoculated with pre-incubated viruses with different concentrations of the bacterial proteases. The third group was control (virus only, protease only and PBS). An increase in viruses’ titer was observed in eggs inoculated with virus treated with microbial proteases incomparable to that inoculated with untreated viruses. These results confirmed the synergism between influenza virus and pathogenic bacteria based on proteolytic activation of the hemagglutinin by bacterial proteases. Further, H9N2 virus titer was significantly increased as compared to H5N1 virus titer in eggs with prominent increase of H9N2 virulence that was noted in the death time of the eggs reaching that of H5N1. M. gallisepticum showed an increase in virus titer but lower than that caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa revealing the difference between serine and cysteine proteases in cleavage activation of influenza virus HA.
Authors and Affiliations
Madiha Salah Ibrahim
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP637636
- DOI -
- Views 118
- Downloads 0
RENAL FUNCTION IN SUDANESE PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION
Background: The kidney is an important target of hypertension. Understanding of renal function is critical for prevention of hypertension and renal disease. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to detect the...
ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF SESAME SEED OIL AND THEIR IMPACT IN IMPROVING MALE FERTILITY OF NORMAL AND DIABETIC RATS
Great efforts have been made to identify an ideal herb with strong and effective anti-metabolic effects on male fertility. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of sesame seed oil an...
EFFECTS OF PIPER UMBELLATUM LINN. (PIPERACEAE) LEAVES EXTRACT ON SOME OXIDATIVE STRESS AND REPRODUCTION PARAMETERS IN RESTRAINT STRESS MODEL OF MALE INFERTILITY IN RAT
Background: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases including male infertility and the use of antioxidants tends to become popular in modern society. The present study aimed to inves...
PNEUMONIA IN ICU PATIENTS AT DAMASCUS HOSPITAL (ALMOUJTAHD HOSPITAL)
Objective: This research was done to study patients with Hospital acquired pneumonia who were admitted to the ICU in AlMoujtahd Hospital (Damascus Hospital). Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective study of...
APPLICATION BY TRANSCUTANEOUS OXIMETRY FOR DETERMINATION OF LEVEL OF AMPUTATION OF THE CRUS AT CRITICAL ISHEMIYA OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES AT PATIENTS WITH DIABETES
Background: According to the latest data today diabetes mellitus - one of the most widespread endocrine pathologies in the world. Atherosclerosis of vessels is the reason of an origin of critical ischemia of the lower ex...