THE EFFECT OF THE EXTREME VALUES OF THE AIR TEMPERATURE FROM THE LAST TWO WINTERS IN ROMANIA ON THE VIABILITY OF THE APRICOT, PEACH AND SWEET CHERRY FLOWER BUDS
Journal Title: FRUIT GROWING RESEARCH - Year 2016, Vol 0, Issue
Abstract
From the climate factors, low temperature is one of the most important abiotic factor limiting growth, productivity and distribution of plants on Earth. The abilities of cold-hardy plants to resist de-acclimation during transient warm spells and to re-acclimate when cold temperatures return are significant for winter survival. The objective of this paper is to identify the episodes of frost stress during the dormancy period of fruit trees in recent years. Also, amid the general stagnation temperatures of winter, we want to draw an alarm signal on the negative impacts of climate change in Romanian orchards, manifested by the increased incidence of rapid succession of temperature extremes in the dormancy period, in the year winters 2014 -2015 and 2015 - 2016. To determine the flower bud’s damages, the samples of annual braches from the upper and bottom third of the canopy were collected right after the climatic accident by the specialists of the Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti, of the Research and Development Stations for Fruit Growing: Iasi, Bistrita, Voinesti, Constanta, Falticeni, Targu-Jiu and of the Research and Development Centre for Plant Growing on Sand in Dabuleni. The results showed that the apricot was the most affected species by climate accidents of the review period, especially in March, followed by peach and sweet cherry. Increased frequency of the extreme events, reported as a consequence of climate change, is a major risk factor for growing thermophilic species, or cultivars and rootstocks not adapted to the temperate - continental climate of Romania. To reduce the negative impact of these phenomena, it is necessary to rework the horticulture zoning based on models using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) by combining binary and suitability layers developed from the most important climatic and soil parameters, and with databases from the past 30 years or with forecasted data.
Authors and Affiliations
Emil Chitu, Cristian Paltineanu, Dorin Sumedrea, Mădălina Butac, Nicolae Tănăsescu, Sorina Sirbu, Jakab Zsolt, Petre Gheorghe, Ion Caplan, Gheorghe Iacobuta, Aurelia Diaconu
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- EP ID EP244016
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