THE EVOLUTION OF MATERIAL BASIS OF EVOLUTION

Journal Title: JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOLOGY - Year 2015, Vol 8, Issue 2

Abstract

It is discussed, that:  a) evolution is not only an the origin of various species of animals and plants, but the major transitions in life history on the Earth, such as the emergence of eukaryotic cells, mitotic chromosomes, mitosis, meiosis, biological sex, multicellular organisms, warm-blooded animals, including humans; b) the material basis of the origin and further evolution of the eukaryotic organisms were, apparently, non-coding DNAs (ncDNAs), while genes, though important, were of secondary importance; c) ncDNAs, due to their molecular structure (short, repeated thousands and millions times DNA sequences), behavior during the cell cycle (remain condensed through the cell), genetic organization (they do not encode polypeptide chains), cytological organization (an ability to dense packing in the cell), the localization features (centromere and telomeric sites, as well as the regions of nucleolar organizers of chromosomes) and wide genetic variation, were the main genetic material in the evolution of eukaryotic organisms. Evolution of early forms  of life and prokaryotes were carried out based on genes, but the origin of eukaryotic organisms and their further development were made possible by emergence and further evolution of ncDNAs, which led to the formation of chromosomal C-, G-, Q-, R - and T-bands. Some of the chromosomal bands underwent further evolution and formed two types of constitutive heterochromatin: C-heterochromatin that exists in the genome of all higher eukaryotes and Q-heterochromatin, existing only in three species of higher primates (Homo sapiens, Pan troglodytes and Gorilla gorilla). Among these three higher primates, only human populations have a wide hereditary polymorphism of Q-heterochromatin, and this genetic material may have played an important role in the origin of modern man and his adaptation to different climatic and geographical conditions of the Earth

Authors and Affiliations

Ibraimov A. I

Keywords

Related Articles

In Vitro Activities of Essential Oils and fractions of Two Cameroonian Plants against Tomato Wilt Fusarium oxysporium lycopersici.

In this study we surveyed the effectiveness, Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum fungicide concentration (MFC) of essential oils from two medicinal plant Callistemon citrinus and Tephrosia. vogelli on myce...

Proton-Mr-Spectroscopy of the Breast: is it A Reliable Imaging Modality for Characterizing the Bi-Rads 3 And 4 Lesions Before the Biopsy?

Aim; Our aim is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of pre and post contrast proton MR spectroscopy (H-MRS) in patients with breast imaging-reporting data system (BI-RADS) 3 and 4 lesions. Materials and Meth...

Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Spirulina platensis on the Growth and Haematology of the Stressed Catfish Clarias gariepinus

The effect of feeding Spirulina platensis on the growth and haematological parameters of the Nile catfish; Clarias gariepinus exposed to food shortage stress were investigated. S. platensis was added to the basal diet at...

Hepatitis E outbreak in Nepal during 2014

Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is prevalent in developing country like Nepal. There were many sporadic cases as well outbreak is reported from Nepal. The first epidemic of hepatitis E reported in 1973 at Kathmandu, which affect...

ISOLATION, CHARACTERISTICS, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF LOW MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OF FRUIT BODIES LACTARIUS PERGAMENUS (Fr.) Fr MUSHROOMS

Methanol and methylene chloride extracts were obtained from fresh and dried fruit bodies of Lactarius pergamenus (Fr.) Fr. and studied by gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and...

Download PDF file
  • EP ID EP654526
  • DOI 10.24297/jab.v8i2.5678
  • Views 256
  • Downloads 0

How To Cite

Ibraimov A. I (2015). THE EVOLUTION OF MATERIAL BASIS OF EVOLUTION. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOLOGY, 8(2), 1596-1606. https://www.europub.co.uk/articles/-A-654526