The Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter Family and Research Progress in Ophthalmic Diseases
Journal Title: Eye Science (Yanke Xuebao) - Year 2024, Vol 39, Issue 6
Abstract
SGlutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. Persistent activation of the glutamatergic system can lead to excitotoxicity, resulting in neuronal damage and cell death. Members of the excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) family are multi-transmembrane proteins located on the presynaptic membrane, synaptic vesicles, and glial cell membranes. They function as high-affinity, sodium-potassium-dependent transporters, continuously clearing extracellular residual glutamate to maintain normal intra- and extracellular glutamate levels and intracellular redox homeostasis. This process is crucial for protecting cells from excitotoxicity and oxidative stress-induced damage. Dysregulation of EAATs is closely associated with the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases in the central nervous system. EAAT family members are widely expressed in retina. Numerous studies have demonstrated that these transporters are extensively involved in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases, including glaucoma, retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, and age-related macular degeneration, although the specific mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Therefore, this article reviews the physiological functions of EAAT family members and their role in the development and progression of related ophthalmic diseases, providing new perspectives for further understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions and identifying novel therapeutic targets.
Authors and Affiliations
Chenyang HU, Yanlin FENG, Yue XU, Jingjing HUANG
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP761460
- DOI 10.12419/24070502
- Views 23
- Downloads 0
The application prospect of cannabidiol in eye diseases
Cannabidiol(CBD), a non-addictive active ingredient in cannabis extract, is one of the most popular plant-derived cannabinoids. The study on the endoenuous cannabionoid system (ESC) has made significant progress in the o...
Boston keratoprosthesis type I: application and development
The corneal transplantation is an effective option for visually impaired patients with keratopathy to restore vision function. However, the success rate of allograft keratoplasty is still very low for those patients with...
Current situation and thinking of scientific research ability for postgraduates with professional degree in ophthalmology under the mode of merging residency training
[Objective:] To understand the current situation of scientific research ability of postgraduates with professional degrees in ophthalmology and put forward improvement measures. [Methods:] A questionnaire survey was cond...
A clinical report of a case of keratopathy
Keratoconus is a well-know disease in ophthalmology. This paper reports a case of keratopathy, female, 33 years old, had blurred vision without special inducement, and keratoconus was initially considered. However, after...
Outcomes of asthenopia after implantable collamer lens implantation and its related factors
[Objective:] To evaluate the changes of visual fatigue symptoms, accommodative functions, ocular surface conditions, and high-order aberrations (HOA) after implantation of implantable collamer lens (ICL), and to explore...