The impact of blood glucose variability on diabetic retinopathy
Journal Title: Eye Science (Yanke Xuebao) - Year 2025, Vol 40, Issue 2
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes and is a leading cause of blindness in the working-age population. Glycemic variability (GV) refers to the degree of fluctuation in blood glucose levels. Recent studies have shown that GV is closely related to the metabolic status and microvascular complications in patients with diabetes. This article reviews the impact of glycemic variability (GV) on diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the latest research progress. GV is defined as the unstable state of blood glucose levels fluctuating between highs and lows, which is categorized into long-term GV and short-term GV. Long-term GV is mainly assessed through fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Short-term GV is quantified by indicators such as the standard deviation of blood glucose (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and low blood glucose index (LBGI). Studies have shown that GV is an important risk predictor for both macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetic patients, being closely associated with conditions such as coronary artery syndrome, myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetic nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy. Regarding DR, GV is likely a risk factor for its progression. High GV can exacerbate oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, endothelial dysfunction, and neovascularization, thereby promoting the development of DR. Treatment strategies include continuous glucose monitoring systems, pharmacological interventions (such as basal insulin, alogliptin, etc.), as well as proper diet and exercise. These approaches can improve GV, reduce the risk of complications, and enhance patients' prognosis and quality of life.
Authors and Affiliations
Zhaozhao GU, Yuxin LUO, Ying YU
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP761522
- DOI 10.12419/24103106
- Views 27
- Downloads 0
Research progress on abnormal tear composition and different break-up patterns of tear film
Tear film is a layer of fluid film covering the surface of eye global, which is divided into mucus layer, aqueous layer and lipid layer from inside to outside. The change of each layer composition will lead to tear film...
Progress on the treatment of advanced keratoconus with bowman layer Inlay and Onlay transplantation
With the continuous advancement of corneal disease treatment technology, Bowman layer transplantation (including Inlay and Onlay technology) has become an important means for the treatment of advanced progressive keratoc...
Effect evaluation of EYESi simulator combined with Wet-lab in cataract surgery training
[Objective:] To compare the effects and distinctions among three methods of phacoemulsification training: EYESi simulator (Dry-lab), Wet-lab, and a combined approach, in order to find out more scientific and efficient te...
Correlation between air pollutant NO2 and dry eye disease
[Objective:] To investigate the correlation between NO2 levels in air pollutants and dry eye. [Methods:] The clinical data of 75 279 patients with dry eye from January 2014 to January 2018 were selected and summarized. T...
An ophthalmological surgery drape
In order to make ophthalmic surgical draping safer, more convenient and easier to operate, this research team invented an ophthalmic surgical drape [patent number: National Utility Model Patent (ZL 201921410018.3)] based...