The Pediatric Neurosurgery in Northeast Brazil – Recife Has Become a Reference Centre

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The Pediatric Neurosurgery in Northeast Brazil – Recife Has Become a Reference Centre

Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2019, Vol 13, Issue 1

Abstract

Brazil is the biggest Latin American country, with approximately 8,500,000Km², almost 195,000,000 inhabitants, close to 23 inhabitants perKm², 36% under 19 years old, with an infant mortality rate of 20.7 per 1000 live births and the life expectancy at birth reaching 73 years. Brazil is a democratic federal republic formed by 26 States and a FD (Brasilia). One of the Brazilian states, located in the northeast, is Pernambuco which capital is Recife. Since the time of the Portuguese colonization, Pernambuco has had a very important cultural and economic role. Pernambuco has an area of around 98,000Km², with a population of almost 9 million, of which 1,5 million live in the city of Recife and close to 5,000,000 in the metropolitan area. Despite the intense process of industrialization in recent years, Pernambuco’s economy still depends on the production and exportation of sugar and alcohol. Pernambuco has three public and five private universities, with four schools of medicine, which apart from medical graduation offer specialized courses, residence of different medical specialities, Masters of Science and Ph.D. Four university hospitals allow students contact with medical practice.The history of medicine in Brazil and Pernambuco has been written together from the beginning. Unofficial records relate that the first medical care organization in Brazil was created in Olinda, neighbour city of Recife, Santa Casa de Olinda, in 1539. The first hospital in Pernambuco was founded in 1560 and called Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Olinda. The first Brazilian scientific medical research were performed in Pernambuco during the Dutch occupation, resulting in the first book about Brazilian medicine, De Medicina Brasiliense, by Guilherme Piso and published in Amsterdam in 1648. In the same time a book named Historia Naturalis Brasiliae, was published and written by George Maecgrave. José Correia Picanço, born in Pernambuco, a royal doctor during the reign of Dom João VI, king of Portugal, was the founder of medical education in Brazil, that influenced the creation of the first two medical schools in Bahia and Rio de Janeiro, in 1808. In 1817, the Military Hospital was created in Recife, where the Practical Surgery School was established. The doctor who is considered the father of Brazilian neurology and strongly influenced the creation of Brazilian neurosurgery as an independent medical speciality was born in Recife, Antonio Austregésilo Rodrigues Lira. In 1928 he invited the general surgeon Alfredo Alberto Pereira Monteiro and the young doctor Jose Ribe Portugal to develop this new medical speciality. In 1938, Prof. Ulysses Pernambucano de Melo Sobrinho, the main teacher of neurology department of Recife Medical School, founded the Revista de Neurobiologia, the oldest medical magazine in South America, which still been published nowadays.

Authors and Affiliations

Artur Henrique Galvão Bruno Da Cunha

Keywords

Artur Henrique Galvão Bruno Da Cunha Infant Mortality Rate Neurology Bipolar and Cranitomy Devices Neonatology Pathological Cases Neuroendoscopy Technic Trauma Nutrition Neurosurgery Microscopy Inhabitants

EP ID EP594379
DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2019.13.002333
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