The Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction and Thyroid Autoantibodies Among Type 2 diabetic Patients in Nnewi, South Eastern Nigeria
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2014, Vol 2, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of anti-thyroid antibodies and Thyroid dysfunction (TD) among Type 2 Diabetic (T2DM) patients in our environment. Methods: The study comprises one hundred (100) known type 2 diabetic subjects attending out-patients diabetic clinics of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi and one hundred (100) control subjects. Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (Anti-TPO Ab), Anti-thyroglobulin antibody (Anti-Tg Ab), Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Total thyroxine (T4), Total triiodothyronine (T3), Free thyroxine (FT4), Free triiodothyronine (FT3), and Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were assayed using standard methods. Age and body mass index (BMI) were also determined. Results: The comparison of the mean levels of BMI, T3, FT3, and FPG in T2DM and control subjects showed significant difference (0.02, <0.001, 0.03, and <0.001) respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the mean levels of Age, T4, FT4, and TSH in T2DM and control subjects (p>0.05).The prevalence rate of TD was 16% in T2DM and 4% in control subjects. Female subjects had higher prevalence of TD than male in both T2DM (13%, 3%) and controls (3%, 1%) respectively. The prevalence of anti-TPO Ab positivity in T2DM and control subjects was 10% and 1% respectively, while that of anti-Ag Ab positivity was 48% and 2% respectively. Conclusion: This study reveals the association between autoimmune TD and T2DM with anti-Tg Ab being more associated with TD. We advocate at least an annual thyroid hormone screening of T2DM patients to detect asymptomatic TD, particularly those with positive anti-Tg Ab.
Authors and Affiliations
Onah Christian Ejike
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