Theories of criminalization and prevention
Journal Title: ПИТАННЯ БОРОТЬБИ ЗІ ЗЛОЧИННІСТЮ - Year 2016, Vol 2, Issue 32
Abstract
In the article the problem of determining the theories of peno-legal social controls. They usually are called «penal theories» or criminalization theories. Penal theories are not theories about punishment but rather rationalizations of punishment. On the one hand, we are dealing with absolute penal theories which go back to the legal-philosophical works of Kant and Hegel. Here, the idea of a generally binding justice based on «natural law» is the focus according to which the justification of punishment lies primarily in the restitution of guilt. Its purpose lies in the restoration of the legal order, in the realization of justice. In contrast to this, the relative criminal theories favor the purpose of prevention. They assume that crimes are socially harmful. The goal of punishment is then criminal prevention, which is to be achieved by resocializing or securing the perpetrator. The effective penal law and jurisprudence of the courts, as explained by the Federal Constitutional Court mainly follow the so-called unification theory which, with varying foci, attempts to unite all purposes of punishment in a balanced relationship to one another.
Authors and Affiliations
P. -A. Albrecht
Keywords
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