Trimethylamine. Documentation of proposed values of occupational exposure limits (OELs)
Journal Title: Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy - Year 2018, Vol 34, Issue 4
Abstract
Trimethylamine (TMA) is a gas at ambient temperature, which has a pungent, fishy odour. It is commercially available as a compressed gas, 40% aqueous solution or a 33 % solution in ethanol. It is used in organic synthesis, especially of choline salts, as a warning agent for natural gas and flotation agents, in the production of cationic starches, quaternary ammonium compounds, intense sweeteners and strongly basic anion exchange resins. Moreover, it is used in the production of disinfectants and insect attractants. TMA is irritating to the human respiratory tract, skin and eyes. The threshold of irritation was reported to be 1481 mg/m3 (median) after a single dose. No effects were observed in workers exposed to 0.24-19.5 mg/m³, most measurements being below 12.1 mg/m3. A LOAEC of 48 mg/m³ was established for human based on eyes, nose and throat irritation. Animal data with repeated inhalation exposure over 2 weeks revealed a LOAEC of 183.75 mg/m³ based on respiratory irritation in a rat study. Embryotoxic effects were observed in mice (NOAEL of 150 mg/kg bw/day). The Scientific Committee for Occupational Exposure Limits to Chemical Agents (SCOEL) has established OEL of 4.9 mg/m³ and STEL of 12.5 mg/m³. A MAC value has been derived using the RD50 value (147.62 mg/m3 for TMA) and multiplying it by a factor of 0.03. The Expert Group for Chemicals Agents has proposed to reduce the current MAC value from 12 mg/m³ to 4.9 mg/m³ and the current STEL value from 24 mg/m³ to 12.5 mg/m³, which is also in accordance with the values recommended by SCOEL. It has been proposed to remain the “I” (irritant) labelling of TMA. No bases for a BEI value have been found.<br/><br/>
Authors and Affiliations
Agnieszka Jankowska, Sławomir Czerczak
Keywords
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- DOI 10.5604/01.3001.0012.7952
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