Urban Sustainability: Issues and Alternatives in Water, Sanitation, SWM

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Urban Sustainability: Issues and Alternatives in Water, Sanitation, SWM

Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science - Year 2018, Vol 23, Issue 2

Abstract

Urbanization in India is growing very fast but in our urban areas we are facing very serious problem like urban water supply and sanitation, disposal of Solid waste is also a related problem. More than 90% of the urban population has access to drinking water, and more than 60% of the population has access to basic sanitation. Today we are talking about modern India but look at our so called metropolitan cities, water problem is become drastic here Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta, Chennai all our developed cities are facing drainage problem, shortage of drinking water and the safe salvage of solid waste. In present research paper we will discuss about the issues and alternatives in water and sanitation, SWM, in our urban areas. According to Mr. M.Shah (2013) have highlighted, the problems of the urban water and sanitation sector in India are complex and shall need concerted efforts to sustain the policy momentum. Present paper attempts to highlight the multidimensional nature of the challenge, and suggests a bunch of the alternatives to prevent the problems. In the first part of paper we will discuss about urban sanitation. In our cities situation is more critical, about 64 million people are living in city slums without toilets nationwide. In cities the migrate population and unstable population is a big problem according to a survey 34,000-plus persons or 6,968 families have no access to community toilets and have no option but to defecate in the open. In the second part of the paper we will discuss about the availability of drinking water in our cities, 22 out 32 major cities have to deal with daily shortages. In cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta, Chennai you can‟t drink tap water people are helpless to spend a big part of their salary on drinking water. According to a World Bank report, at least 21 Indian cities are moving towards zero ground water level by 2020, which has already set the alarm bell ringing for policy makers and urban planners. In the third part of present paper we will discuss about solid waste management, this is a major problem for many urban areas in India, We are living in a second largest populated country and it is a very unbelievable thing that we have not any solid waste management in our country. We can see lots of heaps of rubbish here and there in so called posh areas of our cities; over 377 million urban people live in 7,935 towns and cities and generated 62 million tones of municipal solid waste per annum. Almost all municipal authorities deposit solid waste at a dump yard within or outside the city haphazardly. Experts believe that India is following a flawed system of waste disposal and management. In the end of the present paper we will suggest some ideas and alternates.

Authors and Affiliations

Dr. Mridula Sharma

Keywords

Urbanization SWM Metropolitan Community Defecation Multidimensional Dump Yard.

EP ID EP418017
DOI 10.9790/0837-2302122832.
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