U.S. and China in the Global Economy: Trade Wars, Technological Rivalry and Future Power Shifts

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U.S. and China in the Global Economy: Trade Wars, Technological Rivalry and Future Power Shifts

Journal Title: Ancient Land - Year 2025, Vol 7, Issue 4

Abstract

Currently the greatest intense economic competition worldwide in the 21st century could well be the United States and the People's Republic of China. Trade, technology, and geopolitical power relations are significantly contingent upon this rivalry. This essay examines the historical development of the U.S.-China trade relationship from cooperation to competition before analysing the reasons and effects of the ongoing trade war: tariff policies, intellectual property conflicts, and supply chain disruptions worldwide. It has gone further than trade; technological supremacy has become a fundamental ground for fighting where both countries are vying for the market in perfect areas like semiconductor manufacturing, 5G networks, and artificial intelligence (AI). China is putting a lot of money in innovation and self-reliance, whereas the United States is putting export restrictions on critical technologies. These types of conflicts have much broader geopolitical implications in military strategies, economic decoupling, and international alliances. The long-term effects of this economic and technological conflict are, as yet, not fully known, as the world watches it unfold. Will cooperation frameworks come about, or will the world economy partition into competing zones of influence? Policymakers, corporations, and international stakeholders can benefit from the insights this paper offers as it ensures a rigorous debate into these processes and propounds future power shifts.

Authors and Affiliations

Farid Musazada

Keywords

Keywords: U.S.-China rivalry trade war technological competition global economy economic diplomacy sanctions and countermeasures digital economy 5G technology artificial intelligence (AI) dominance global trade regulations World Trade Organization (WTO) disputes strategic competition (Belt and Road Initiative)

EP ID EP766516
DOI 10.36719/2706-6185/46/266-275
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