Wound Healing and Dental Therapies: Repair and Regeneration
Journal Title: Journal of Dental Health and Oral Research - Year 2020, Vol 1, Issue 2
Abstract
In reaction to a wound, inflammation is associated with the healing process leading to repair or regeneration. Extracellular components (ECM) are classified into fiber-forming structural molecules (collagens I, III, V), nonfiber-forming structural molecules (including proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans) and ‘‘matricellular proteins’’ (osteopontin, SPARC, CCN2, tenascin-C and Fibulin-5) that have no structural functions but modify cell-matrix interactions. Wound healing implies a sequence of phases: bleeding and formation of a clot, inflammation proceeding proliferation of epidermal cells, changes in the dermal matrix, capillary ingrowth, wound contraction and remodelling. Cellular (neutrophils, monocytes / macrophages, mast cells and stem cells) and molecular components of the wounded tissue are involved in these processes. Macrophages contribute to the removal of apoptotic bodies. Inflammation includes different forms of cell death (apoptosis, necrosis, nemosis, and autophagy). Mediators of repair and inflammation encompass growth factors (TGF-β, TGF-α, FGF, PDGF, EGF, KGF, IGF-1, NGF, VEGF, and the serine-protease thrombin), Resident cells proliferate and migrate, closing the wound. The successive events are reflecting hormonal regulations, effects of metalloproteinases and MMPs inhibitors. Angiogenesis and the formation of granulation tissue are contributing to the end of the healing process characterized by high density of fibroblasts, granulocytes, and loosely organized collagen bundles. Either the reparative process is returning to a normal situation (wound healing), with or without the formation of a scar, or dental tissue regeneration paves the way for the future of endodontic and periodontal therapies.
Authors and Affiliations
Michel Goldberg
Keywords
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- EP ID EP698997
- DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.46889/JDHOR.2020.1203
- Views 109
- Downloads 0
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