DETERMINANTS OF FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY OF ELDERLY PEOPLE RESIDING IN INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Journal Title: Medycyna Sportowa - Year 2014, Vol 30, Issue 3
Abstract
[b]Background.[/b] The decreasing of the level of functional capacity with age among elderly people may contribute to a loss of ability to perform basic activities of daily living. The aim of this study was to investigate which factors have the greatest impact on functional capacity of the elderly residing in institutional environment.[b]Material and methods. [/b]The study included 141 elderly people (94 women and 47 men) living in institutional environments in the city of Lodz (Poland). The study included an assessment of nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment, MNA), cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE) and mental status (Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS). Functional capacity was measured with the Activity of Daily Living (ADL) scale, the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) scale as well as the Timed Up & Go (TUG) test, while handgrip strength (HS) was determined by using a mechanical dynamometer.[b]Results. [/b]The average age of the entire cohort was 75.8 ± 9.5. The average value of an MNA was 21.14 ± 3.50, GDS 7.20 ± 3.40, MMSE 24.06 ± 4.91, ADL 4.65 ± 1.59 and IADL 2.70 ± 2.27 points. The average value of TUG was 18.2 ± 10.9 sec. The average value of handgrip strength of the right hand was 25.6 ± 12.9 and left hand 22.2 ± 13.1 kg. The strongest determinants (p < 0.001) of functional capacity were the age of the respondents and handgrip strength. A slightly weaker association with the functional capacity was demonstrated by the MNA and GDS. The results of the MMSE were correlated with selected parameters of functional capacity. In a multiple regression, the most powerful determinants of functional capacity were age, handgrip strength and nutritional status.[b]Conclusions.[/b] The results of this work have shown that the most important determinants of functional capacity of elderly people residing in institutional environments are age, handgrip strength and nutritional status. Mental status and cognitive function have a lower impact on the indicators of functional capacity.
Authors and Affiliations
Izabela Kozicka, Tomasz Kostka
Keywords
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