Distribution of Cassava Mosaic Geminiviruses and their Associated DNA Satellites in Kenya
Journal Title: Journal of Experimental Agriculture International - Year 2015, Vol 9, Issue 3
Abstract
A countrywide survey was conducted to determine the distribution, incidence, prevalence and severity of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and the associated DNA satellites in Kenya. Disease transmission either by whitefly or infected cuttings was evaluated. PCR detection method was used for the detection of these viruses and the associated DNA satellites. CMD was widely distributed in the country with an average incidence of 57%, whereas Coast province recorded the highest incidence (74%). The prevalence of CMD countrywide was 84% with Nyanza province recording the highest (96%), whereas Eastern province had the least (67%). The spread of CMD through use of infected cuttings accounted for 80% of the infected plants compared to the whitefly-borne infections which accounted for 19%. East African Cassava Mosaic Virus (EACMV) and African Cassava Mosaic Virus (ACMV) accounted for 51% and 20% of samples, respectively. Co-infection of cassava plants with the two viruses was detected in only 9% of the samples. EACMV was detected in samples collected from all the provinces surveyed. ACMV was mostly prevalent in Western and Nyanza provinces. For the first time, ACMV was detected in Eastern and Coast provinces. Nyanza province had the highest whitefly count per plant with Western province registering the least. The method of transmission of CMD was mainly through use of infected cassava cuttings with 100% transmission by stem cuttings in Coast province. DNA satellites associated with these Begomoviruses were distributed across the country with 41% of samples testing positive. The symptom severity in plants infected by Cassava Mosaic Geminiviruses (CMGs) and the associated DNA satellites were higher compared to those infected with CMGs only. There is need for the identification of varieties resistant to these viruses. The begomovirus symptom modulation by the DNA satellites need to be further investigated to determine effects on disease severity and yield of cassava.
Authors and Affiliations
F. M. Mwatuni, E. M. Ateka, L. S. Karanja, S. K. Mwaura, I. J. Obare
Keywords
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- EP ID EP353788
- DOI 10.9734/AJEA/2015/18473
- Views 110
- Downloads 0
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