Human Bite Injuries: A Five-Year Retrospective Review of Cases from A Semi-Urban Area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2017, Vol 16, Issue 3
Abstract
Human bite injuries are common presentation in the Accident and Emergency room. They are often under reported, present late, and are characterized by soft tissue complications and severe mixed synergistic infections derived from the mouth of the assailant or the skin of the victim. Staphylococcus aureus is isolated in 30% of cases, the hand is commonly affected and there is a risk of transmission life threatening infections like hepatitis B, hepatitis C and to a lesser extent HIV, tetanus, actinimycosis, and treponoma palladium. Despite antibiotic use these patients still develop advanced wound infections, and sometimes life threatening complications. We have therefore undertaken this retrospective study is to review the pattern, bacteriology and complications of HBI in our environment. This is a retrospective study in which case notes of patients who had human bite injuries at Divine Grace Medical Center Okolobiri Bayelsa State Nigeria from January 2010 to December 2015 were reviewed and the obtained data analyzed. Simple descriptive statistics and tables were used to present results. Sixty-five (65) patients were studied with a male: female of 1:1; twenty-three (23(35.384 %)) of all human bite injuries occurred in the hand. Wound infection was the commonest complication. The patients had multiple clinical presentations, with pain, bleeding, swelling, purulent discharge, fever and chills being the commonest. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism 16(24.615%) isolated, and most were resistance to antibiotics like penicillin ampicillin, cloxacillin. Early clinical evaluation, diagnosis, treatment and the use of appropriate antibiotic coupled with detailed surgical assessment are the key to achieving good treatment outcome.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr Tabowei B. I, Dr Amaefula E. T
Keywords
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