Incidence and Clinical profiles of Pulmonary and Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients in North Indian population: A hospital based Retrospective study
Journal Title: International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy & Life Sciences (IJRDPL) - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 5
Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most important global health problems. The prevalence of TB is high among the developing world. This retrospective study was carried out to find the incidence and clinical profiles of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in North Indian population.Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of 552 patients having EPTB and PTB was undertaken from the Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, King George’s Medical University, U.P., Lucknow, out of which 300 were of pulmonary tuberculosis and 252 of EPTB. Demographic characteristics, clinical features and apparent risk factors of disease were obtained from medical case records of all patients visiting the hospital from. The Study included only the confirmed cases of EPTB and PTB with or without other co-infections.Results: Results were tabulated and statistically studied. The prevalence of EPTB was higher among females than males as compared to PTB and this was statistically significant (p=0.001). No significant (p>0.05) association was found between EPTB and PTB according to the place of residence. However, the tobacco habit, smoking habit, alcohol use and family history were found to be significantly (p<0.01) associated with the type of TB. Pleural (62.3%) site of EPTB was a most common site in EPTB patients. The study shows a significant (p=0.04) association between age distribution and disease condition (both EPTB and PTB) among males. A similar observation was found among female patients. The prevalence of EPTB was 1.80 times significantly higher among smokers. The prevalence of EPTB was also higher among those who had a family history of tuberculosis infection in comparison with new cases. Diabetes was present in 16.7% of the EPTB patients and MDR-TB was present in 12.7%. HIV was present in 8%. Most of the patients of EPTB were new cases (88.1) in comparison with the retreatment cases (11.9).Conclusion: Among evaluated tuberculosis patients, maximum had EPTB. Pleural tuberculosis was the most common presentation of EPTB. Both pulmonary, as well as extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis, affected the younger population, between 20-40 years of age, more commonly. The study shows female preponderance among EPTB cases as compared to PTB cases. In female population, EPTB affected younger age group as compared to male patients where PTB was found to be more common. A Higher proportion of EPTB cases were found to be HIV positive and suffering from diabetes as compared to PTB.
Authors and Affiliations
Pooja Singh Gaur| Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Lucknow, India, Suryakant| Department of Respiratory Medicine, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, India, Ravi Bhaskar| Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Career Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, Seema Singh| Department of Respiratory Medicine, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, India, Prachi Saxena| Department of respiratory medicine, Kolkata Medical College, Kolkata, India, Shruti Agnihotri| Department of Respiratory Medicine, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, India
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP16039
- DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/IJRDPL.2278-0238.2017.6(5).2773-2
- Views 349
- Downloads 23
A Comprehensive Review on Buccal Drug Delivery System
Buccal delivery involves the administration of the desired drug through the buccal mucosal membrane lining of the oral cavity. The objective of this article is to review buccal drug delivery by discussing the structure...
Study to assess high demand and high commercial value Medicinal Plants of Jammu and Kashmir India - with special focus on routes of procurement and identification
Despite ancient nature of the tradition, medicinal plants still form the basis of traditional or indigenous health systems and are reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) to still be used by the majority of the...
Cancer: An Overview
Cancer is the second leading causes of deaths in western countries after heart disease. In US alone more than one million people are diagnosed with cancer annually and more than half result in death. Cancer is a medica...
A validated analytical method for the estimation of Oxetacaine from its pharmaceutical formulation by RP-HPLC
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to develop an analytical procedure for the determination and quantification of Oxetacaine, from its marketed formulation which is simple, precise, accurate and a validated, r...
FACTORS AND REASONS EFFECTIVE ON ADDICTION RELAPSE OF SELF- REPORTED ADDICTS UNDER TREATMENT AT KOSAR CENTER IN ABADAN, IRAN IN 2015
Background and Objective: Findings show that there are many factors which affect drug abuse relapse of addicts subject to treatment and when the patient is treated, we can't definitely hope he won't have further drug ab...