KEY ASPECTS OF NUTRITION AND DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR NEUROLOGICALLY IMPAIRED AND MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN
Journal Title: Българско списание за обществено здраве (Bulgarian Journal of Public Health) - Year 2012, Vol 0, Issue 2
Abstract
Children with neurological disorders and mental retardation are at risk for complications in nutrition and nutritional status, which calls for special care and attention on children’s diets both by medical staff and parents. Risk factors for nutritional status of children with neurological disorders and mental retardation are: gastrointestinal problems, delayed/altered development of oral motor skills, difficulties with skills related to eating, changes in intermediary metabolism of the organism, reduced bone density. The most common deficits in these children are reduced average daily intake of energy and nutrients: protein, vitamins (vitamin D, vitamin B12, folate) and minerals (calcium, copper, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc). Given the serious health problems in children, frequent combining of neurological disorders with varying degrees of mental retardation, a systematic monitoring of children with neurological disabilities and mental retardation is needed to be done by a doctor as well as determining the nutrition and their diet by their pediatrician, according to health condition, anthropometric status and the needs of the individual child. Nowadays there is no methodical guideline material addressing the nutritional requirements of children with neurological disabilities and mental retardation, who are at increased risk for eating disorders and impaired nutritional status as well as lack of guidance for the specific nutritional requirements of children with cerebral palsy, Down syndrome and epilepsy.
Authors and Affiliations
Veselka Duleva, Stefka Petrova, Lalka Rangelova, Ekaterina Chikova-Ischener, Krasimira Vatralova
Keywords
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