PATTERNS OF ESOPHAGEAL NEOPLASMS IN A REFERRAL DIAGNOSTIC CENTRE OF BANGALORE
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2013, Vol 2, Issue 48
Abstract
[b] INTRODUCTION[/b]: Benign tumors of the esophagus are rare and are usually more bothersome than harmful. Carcinoma of esophagus is the sixth most common cancer in the world. The objective of this study was to understand the patterns of benign and malignant neoplasms encountered in oesophageal biopsies and to correlate with age, gender and clinical details. [b]METHODS[/b]: A retrospective study was done in a referral diagnostic centre over a period of four years. The patient’s age, gender, clinical details and endoscopy findings were noted. The biopsy was done on patients with weight loss and dysphagia. Special stains and Immunohistochemistry were done wherever necessary. Statistical analysis used: Chi square test and Fishers exact test were employed. Ethics: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. [b]RESULTS[/b]: A total of 1110 consecutive oesophageal biopsies (13 resected specimens and 1097 endoscopic biopsies) were seen of which neoplasms accounted for 914 cases while 196 cases were non neoplastic. The malignant neoplasms (96.2%) far outnumbered the benign neoplasms in biopsy. Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant histologic type (83.5%) of oesophageal neoplasm whereas adenocarcinoma constituted only 14.5% of all neoplasms in our study. Nine cases of small cell carcinoma, one case of adeno-squamous carcinoma and three cases of sarcomatoid carcinoma were noted. One case each of granular cell tumour, leiomyoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumour, non Hodgkin’s lymphoma and malignant melanoma were observed. [b]CONCLUSIONS:[/b] Malignant neoplasms far outnumbered benign neoplasms in biopsy. Male gender and age above 50 years were important risk factors. The mean age was similar for both the genders. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common malignancy across all age groups in the referral diagnostic laboratory of Bangalore Barrett's esophagus is a consequence of chronic gastro esophageal reflex disorder which is the most important risk factor for adenocarcinoma of esophagus. Mesenchymal tumours of the esophagus are rare. Epidemiological factors governing the distribution of lesion need to be studied further.
Authors and Affiliations
Zubair Hasan, Jayaram N, Uma Devi
Keywords
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