The Newer Markers of Acute Kidney Injury
Journal Title: Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences - Year 2016, Vol 4, Issue 2
Abstract
Abstract: Diseases of the kidney are diverse, ranging from Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) to End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). The treatment of kidney disease poses a major challenge to the health care system and the global economy. Hence the detection and management of kidney diseases in the early, reversible and potentially treatable stages is of paramount importance. AKI refers to a syndrome that results from multiple causative factors and occurs in a variety of clinical settings. AKI presents with varied clinical manifestations that range from a minimal elevation in serum creatinine to anuria. AKI is largely asymptomatic and establishing the diagnosis relies on functional biomarkers such as serial serum creatinine measurements. Unfortunately, serum creatinine is a delayed and unreliable indicator of AKI due to various reasons. Serum creatinine does not accurately depict kidney function until a steady state has been reached which could take several days. Animal studies have identified interventions that can prevent and/ or treat AKI if identified early in the course of disease, even before the serum creatinine begins to rise. The paucity of early biomarkers has hampered our ability to translate these promising therapies to human AKI. Also lacking are reliable methods to assess the efficacy of protective or therapeutic interventions and early predictive biomarkers of drug toxicity. The pursuit of improved biomarkers for the early diagnosis of AKI and its outcome is an area of intense contemporary research. Understanding the early stress response of the kidney to acute injury has revealed a number of potential biomarkers. Some of the biomarkers are Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) , Cystatin C, Interleukin-18 (IL-18) , Liver type Fatty Acid Binding Protein(L-FABP) , Kidney Injury Molecule – 1 (KIM-1) etc. Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury, Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), Cystatin C, Interleukin-18 (IL-18).
Authors and Affiliations
Anusha. R, Madhubala. V
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP372017
- DOI -
- Views 119
- Downloads 0
Histopathological study of Perimenopausal Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Abstract: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is defined as any bleeding that does not correspond with the frequency, duration or amount of blood flow of a normal menstrual cycle. Endometrial assessment by endometrial biopsy...
Study to compare performance of International HIV dementia scale (IHDS) and Hindi mental state examination (HMSE) scale in assessing neurocognitive dysfunction among HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) invades the central nervous system during the primary infection period and often leads to neurological complications that have recently been characterized as HIV- associated n...
Incretins- in the care of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract: The ever increasing incidence of Type2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in our population calls for a variety of agents to combat this disorder. T2DM is the resultant of Insulin deficiency or the reduced activity of av...
Bioassay of Profenofos and Cypermethrin on Zebrafish, Daniorerio
Abstract:Pesticides used against agricultural pest and ecto-parasite in animals may also induce injurious effect in humans, pets, aquatic animals, beneficial insects and fish due to industrial and agricultural run-off. T...
A Prospective Study of the Functional Outcome of Locking Compression Plating for Closed Schatzker Type V and Type Vi Tibial Plateau Fractures
Fractures involving proximal tibia compromise the knee functionality, mobility and stability. Tibial plateau fractures are caused by high energy trauma and as much as 25% of these fractures involve both the tibial condyl...