Two Consecutive Successful Pregnancy Outcomes in a woman with Eisenmenger’s Syndrome: A Case Report
Journal Title: Interventions in Gynaecology and Women’s Healthcare - Year 2019, Vol 3, Issue 2
Abstract
Eisenmenger’s syndrome is a very rare condition in pregnant women. The incidence of ES is about 3% of the pregnant patients with congenital heart defects; however, it can be accompanied with high incidence of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, these patients should have efficient contraception or termination of pregnancy in the first trimester. We present two poorly-controlled consecutive pregnancies with good outcomes in a woman with ES to clarify the appropriate function of teamwork in the management of emergency situations in similar cases. Alongside teamwork, good prenatal care is also important because it can result in elective termination in higher gestational age of pregnancy. A 21-year old woman, Repeat II cesarean belonging to a very low socioeconomic class, with ES was admitted to the emergency ward of Imam Hossein teaching hospital affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences with labor pain and severe dyspnea in 28 weeks of pregnancy. Echocardiography indicated a PAP of 120 mmHg. The patient had supportive treatment in intensive care unit until she was discharged. Despite previous reports of poor pregnancy outcomes in women with ES, high quality and significant treatment through labor and postpartum period lead to good outcomes in both mother and neonate.Several congenital heart defects may result in Eisenmenger’s syndrome (ES) [1]. The progress of ES in patients with congenital heart defects depends on the heart defect size and location [2]. Signs and symptoms of ES include right ventricular (RV) failure due to right ventricular hypertrophy, nail clubbing, cyanosis, dyspnea, edema, fatigue, dizziness, and arrhythmia [1]. For the first time in 1897, Victor Eisenmenger described a 23-year-old man with a large ventricular septal defect and pulmonary arterial hypertension and termed the condition as ES [3]. The major causes of death in ES are right ventricular failure, pulmonary hypertension crisis, arrhythmia and stroke [1]. ES is a very rare condition in pregnant women. The incidence of ES is about 3% of the pregnant patients with congenital heart defects [4]. Although ES progresses slowly in non-pregnant women, the increased blood volume during pregnancy may advance the disease during a relatively short time [5]. When pulmonary hypertension exceeds 70% of systemic blood pressure, pregnancy may be associated with complications and cause maternal death [6]. In a review, the maternal mortality rate from 1978 through 1996 due to ES was 36% and the risk of maternal death remained unchanged over the period [5]. Neonatal outcome of pregnancy with ES is also poor. ES is a strong risk factor for spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) [7].
Authors and Affiliations
Nooshin Amjadi, Maryamsadat Hosseini, Soha Mirreza, Forough Mortazavi
Keywords
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- EP ID EP582601
- DOI 10.32474/IGWHC.2019.03.000156
- Views 82
- Downloads 0
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