Clinico-Epidemiological Study Of Diphtheria Cases In Hyderabad, India
Journal Title: Malla Reddy Medical College For Women Journal Of Medical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 1, Issue 2
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Among the acute infectious diseases, with high morbidity and mortality Diphtheria is placed a unique position especially in developing countries. During 1987 before full coverage immunization the number of cases recorded in India was 12,952. As improvement in public health standards, the change in disease trend is also observed. Due to the presence of gaps in public health measures, 4,286 were recorded in 2011 with 2.61% mortality. Sir Ronald Ross Tropical Diseases Hospital, Nallakunta, Hyderabad is a referral centre of infectious diseases of Telangana, Karnataka and Maharashtra states. The clinical presentation of case referred is unique in its presentation. The present study is to know the clinical presentation of cases coming to the hospital in various age groups. METHODOLOGY: The present cross sectional study was conducted at Sir Ronald Ross Tropical Diseases Hospital located at Nallakunta, Hyderabad from 1997 to 1999. During this period, 489 cases referred from periphery and city. A sample of 175 cases studied. A predesigned format was used for collection of data after field testing in 25 cases. The format designed with two parts and in the first part various epidemiological variables were taken and in the second part the clinical mode of presentation were taken. The compiled data was analyzed by using excel. RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS: The cases admitted during study period were analyzed according to age group. The children below 14 years included in the study were 68 and the remaining all were above 14 years age group. 52 males among the study group and others were females. More than one symptom/sign were seen in most of the cases. The commonest mode of presentation was fever and followed by dysphagia. 88% of cases showed inflammation in lymph nodes. Abnormal reading of BP recorded in more than 95% cases. Study limitation is estimation of antigen and antibody was not taken into consideration and the possibility of recall bias. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Early recognition of cases with different presentations and intervention appropriately the complications can be minimized and the prognosis will be improved.
Authors and Affiliations
G. Sukhdas1 gangam
Keywords
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